"I don't want that he becomes like me"; How to explain to a student why the gram...

So my Japanese student made this sentence:

I don't want that he becomes like me.

I corrected it to:

I don't want him to become like me.

but he doesn't understand why I removed that. How can I explain the reason for that?

She did not want that Harry should quarrel with his aunt for her sake.

Thackeray, The Virginians, 1857-1859.

What your student said was not ungrammatical. But it does smack of the nineteenth century. In the comments above there is a reference to the Cambridge Dictionary that clearly says we do not follow want with a subordinate clause beginning with that.